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Identification of Reduced ERAP2 Expression and a Novel HLA Allele as Components of a Risk Score for Susceptibility to Liver Injury Due to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate

Nicoletti, Paola; Dellinger, Andrew; Li, Yi Ju; Barnhart, Huiman X.; Chalasani, Naga; Fontana, Robert J.; Odin, Joseph A.; Serrano, Jose; Stolz, Andrew; Etheridge, Amy S.; Innocenti, Federico; Govaere, Olivier; Grove, Jane I.; Stephens, Camilla; Aithal, Guruprasad P.; Andrade, Raul J.; Bjornsson, Einar S.; Daly, Ann K.; Lucena, M. Isabel; Watkins, Paul B.

Identification of Reduced ERAP2 Expression and a Novel HLA Allele as Components of a Risk Score for Susceptibility to Liver Injury Due to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Thumbnail


Authors

Paola Nicoletti

Andrew Dellinger

Yi Ju Li

Huiman X. Barnhart

Naga Chalasani

Robert J. Fontana

Joseph A. Odin

Jose Serrano

Andrew Stolz

Amy S. Etheridge

Federico Innocenti

Olivier Govaere

Profile image of JANE GROVE

JANE GROVE jane.grove@nottingham.ac.uk
Associate Professor

Camilla Stephens

Raul J. Andrade

Einar S. Bjornsson

Ann K. Daly

M. Isabel Lucena

Paul B. Watkins



Abstract

Background & Aims: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to amoxicillin–clavulanate (AC) has been associated with HLA-A∗02:01, HLA-DRB1∗15:01, and rs2476601, a missense variant in PTPN22. The aim of this study was to identify novel risk factors for AC-DILI and to construct a genetic risk score (GRS). METHODS: Transcriptome-wide association study and genome-wide association study analyses were performed on 444 AC-DILI cases and 10,397 population-based controls of European descent. Associations were confirmed in a validation cohort (n = 133 cases and 17,836 population-based controls). Discovery and validation AC-DILI cases were also compared with 1358 and 403 non–AC-DILI cases.

Results: Transcriptome-wide association study revealed a significant association of AC-DILI risk with reduced liver expression of ERAP2 (P = 3.7 × 10–7), coding for an aminopeptidase involved in antigen presentation. The lead eQTL single nucleotide polymorphism, rs1363907 (G), was associated with AC-DILI risk in the discovery (odds ratio [OR], 1.68; 95% CI, 1.23–1.66; P = 1.7 × 10–7) and validation cohorts (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.04–2.05; P = .03), following a recessive model. We also identified HLA-B∗15:18 as a novel AC-DILI risk factor in both discovery (OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 2.09–8.36; P = 4.9 × 10–5) and validation (OR, 7.78; 95% CI, 2.75–21.99; P = .0001) cohorts. GRS, incorporating rs1363907, rs2476601, HLA-B∗15:18, HLA-A∗02:01, and HLA-DRB1∗15:01, was highly predictive of AC-DILI risk when cases were analyzed against both general population and non–AC-DILI control cohorts. GRS was the most significant predictor in a regression model containing known AC-DILI clinical risk characteristics and significantly improved the predictive model.

Conclusions: We identified novel associations of AC-DILI risk with ERAP2 low expression and with HLA-B∗15:18. GRS based on the 5 risk variants may assist AC-DILI causality assessment and risk management.

Citation

Nicoletti, P., Dellinger, A., Li, Y. J., Barnhart, H. X., Chalasani, N., Fontana, R. J., …Watkins, P. B. (2023). Identification of Reduced ERAP2 Expression and a Novel HLA Allele as Components of a Risk Score for Susceptibility to Liver Injury Due to Amoxicillin-Clavulanate. Gastroenterology, 164(3), 454-466. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2022.11.036

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Nov 28, 2022
Online Publication Date Dec 7, 2022
Publication Date 2023-03
Deposit Date Jan 1, 2023
Publicly Available Date Dec 8, 2023
Journal Gastroenterology
Print ISSN 0016-5085
Electronic ISSN 1528-0012
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 164
Issue 3
Pages 454-466
DOI https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2022.11.036
Keywords ERAP2, GWAS, Amoxicillin-clavulanate, DILI, HLA-B*15:18
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/15431972
Publisher URL https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508522013749

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