Successful use of a benchtop fluorescent enzyme immunoassay analyzer to measure serum cortisol concentration as a screening test for hypoadrenocorticism in dogs

Bacon, Jessica; Graham, Peter A.; Hrovat, Alenka; Kilpatrick, Scott; Mann, Nicholas O.; Swales, Harry

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic performance of a benchtop fluorescent enzyme immunoassay analyzer (AIA-360; Tosoh Bioscience Inc) for the measurement of serum cortisol concentration as a screening test for hypoadrenocorticism in dogs. ANIMALS 173 client-owned dogs (20 with hypoadrenocorticism and 153 with nonadrenal illness). PROCEDURES Medical records of all dogs that underwent an ACTH stimulation test between June 2015 and October 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Dogs were excluded if the ACTH stimulation test was performed on the basis of a suspicion of hypercortisolism, serum cortisol concentrations were measured using an analyzer other than the one assessed in the present study, or dogs had received medication known to affect the pituitary-adrenal axis in the 4 weeks1,2 preceding ACTH stimulation testing. The diagnostic performance of the benchtop analyzer was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios at various cutoff points. RESULTS Serum resting cortisol cutoff point concentrations of 0.8 μg/dL (22 nmol/L), 1 μg/dL (28 nmol/L), and 2 μg/dL (55 nmol/L) had a sensitivity of 100%. An optimal serum resting cortisol cutoff point of 0.58 μg/dL (16 nmol/L) had a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 100%, 97%, and 30.6 and 0.0, respectively. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Findings indicated that previously derived cutoff points could be used with excellent sensitivity to exclude hypoadrenocorticism in this population of dogs when serum cortisol concentration was measured with the evaluated benchtop analyzer. An ACTH stimulation test may need to only be performed to diagnose hypoadrenocorticism if resting serum cortisol concentration is ≤ 0.58 μg/dL when measured with the evaluated benchtop analyzer.

Citation

Bacon, J., Graham, P. A., Hrovat, A., Kilpatrick, S., Mann, N. O., & Swales, H. (2023). Successful use of a benchtop fluorescent enzyme immunoassay analyzer to measure serum cortisol concentration as a screening test for hypoadrenocorticism in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 261(1), 111-117. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.08.0346

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Oct 3, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Oct 25, 2022
• Publication Date: Jan 1, 2023
• Deposit Date: Nov 2, 2022
• Journal: Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
• Print ISSN: 0003-1488
• Electronic ISSN: 1943-569X
• Publisher: American Veterinary Medical Association
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 261
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 111-117
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.22.08.0346
• Keywords: General Veterinary
• Public URL: https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/13174490
• Publisher URL: https://avmajournals.avma.org/view/journals/javma/aop/javma.22.08.0346/javma.22.08.0346.xml