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All Outputs (90)

I, AV: A Ghost Driver Field Study Exploring the Application of Anthropomorphism in AV-Pedestrian Communication (2023)
Conference Proceeding
Large, D. R., Hallewell, M., Li, X., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2023). I, AV: A Ghost Driver Field Study Exploring the Application of Anthropomorphism in AV-Pedestrian Communication. In AutomotiveUI '23 Adjunct: Adjunct Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (127-132). https://doi.org/10.1145/3581961.3609883

We employed the 'Ghost Driver' methodology to emulate an autonomous vehicle (AV) and explored pedestrians' (n=520) crossing behaviour in response to external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs). Three eHMI designs were created to replace absent pedestri... Read More about I, AV: A Ghost Driver Field Study Exploring the Application of Anthropomorphism in AV-Pedestrian Communication.

Enhancing Public Engagement in Architectural Design: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Virtual Reality Approaches in Building Information Modeling and Gamification Techniques (2023)
Journal Article
Ehab, A., Burnett, G., & Heath, T. (2023). Enhancing Public Engagement in Architectural Design: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Virtual Reality Approaches in Building Information Modeling and Gamification Techniques. Buildings, 13(5), Article 1262. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051262

Purpose: This paper investigates the potential of virtual reality (VR) technologies—specifically, building information modeling (BIM) (“Autodesk Revit”) and game engines (“Unreal Engine”)—to enhance public involvement in the design and execution of a... Read More about Enhancing Public Engagement in Architectural Design: A Comparative Analysis of Advanced Virtual Reality Approaches in Building Information Modeling and Gamification Techniques.

Examining pedestrians’ trust in automated vehicles based on attributes of trust: A qualitative study (2023)
Journal Article
Zhou, S., Sun, X., Wang, Q., Liu, B., & Burnett, G. (2023). Examining pedestrians’ trust in automated vehicles based on attributes of trust: A qualitative study. Applied Ergonomics, 109, Article 103997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2023.103997

Pedestrians’ trust in automated vehicles (AVs) needs to be analyzed and deconstructed to update it from its current broad concept into several lower-level attributes for assessment and measurement. In this study, we have employed virtual reality (VR)... Read More about Examining pedestrians’ trust in automated vehicles based on attributes of trust: A qualitative study.

Ghost Busting: A Novel On-Road Exploration of External HMIs for Autonomous Vehicles (2023)
Conference Proceeding
Large, D. R., Hallewell, M., Li, X., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2023). Ghost Busting: A Novel On-Road Exploration of External HMIs for Autonomous Vehicles.

The absence of a human driver in future autonomous vehicles means that explicit pedestrian-driver communication is not possible. Building on the novel ‘Ghost Driver’ methodology to emulate an autonomous vehicle, we developed prototype external human-... Read More about Ghost Busting: A Novel On-Road Exploration of External HMIs for Autonomous Vehicles.

A validation study of a fixed-based, medium fidelity driving simulator for human–machine interfaces visual distraction testing (2023)
Journal Article
Large, D. R., Pampel, S. M., Merriman, S. E., & Burnett, G. (2023). A validation study of a fixed-based, medium fidelity driving simulator for human–machine interfaces visual distraction testing. IET Intelligent Transport Systems, 17(6), 1104-1117. https://doi.org/10.1049/itr2.12362

Studies comparing results captured in a simulator with those on road are important to validate the approach but are scarce in the context of secondary task distraction due to the potential ramifications of diverting attention away from safe driving.... Read More about A validation study of a fixed-based, medium fidelity driving simulator for human–machine interfaces visual distraction testing.

“Who’s Got the Remote Control?” Understanding Driver Distraction and Inattention in the Context of Teleoperation and the Passenger Experience (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Coffey, M., Hallewell, M., LARGE, D., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2022). “Who’s Got the Remote Control?” Understanding Driver Distraction and Inattention in the Context of Teleoperation and the Passenger Experience. In DDI 2022 Gothenburg, Lindholmen Convference Centre & online October 19-20, 2022 : Abstract book

The remote operation of automated vehicles (‘teleoperation’) has been posited as a potential solution for situations in which human intervention is required, but creates new challenges for ‘driver’ distraction and inattention. Guided by the critical... Read More about “Who’s Got the Remote Control?” Understanding Driver Distraction and Inattention in the Context of Teleoperation and the Passenger Experience.

Deriving Extended Keystroke Level Model Resumability Operators: An Occlusion Study (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Wilson, H., LARGE, D., & Burnett, G. (2022). Deriving Extended Keystroke Level Model Resumability Operators: An Occlusion Study.

Theoretical techniques to model and predict drivers’ visual behaviour during the execution of secondary in- vehicle tasks, such as the extended keystroke level model (eKLM), are predicated on perfect task resumability during the interleaving of atten... Read More about Deriving Extended Keystroke Level Model Resumability Operators: An Occlusion Study.

Augmenting Automotive Gesture Infotainment Interfaces through Mid-Air Haptic Icon Design (2022)
Book Chapter
Brown, E., Large, D. R., Limerick, H., Frier, W., & Burnett, G. (2022). Augmenting Automotive Gesture Infotainment Interfaces through Mid-Air Haptic Icon Design. In Ultrasound Mid-Air Haptics for Touchless Interfaces (119-145). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04043-6_5

A growing body of work is demonstrating the potential benefits of haptic interfaces for the automotive domain, including the use of ultrasound haptic interfaces. In this chapter, we present our work into the development of an in-vehicle mid-air gestu... Read More about Augmenting Automotive Gesture Infotainment Interfaces through Mid-Air Haptic Icon Design.

Deriving UX Dimensions for Future Autonomous Taxi Interface Design (2022)
Journal Article
Hallewell, M., Large, D., Harvey, C., Briars, L., Evans, J., Coffey, M., & Burnett, G. (2022). Deriving UX Dimensions for Future Autonomous Taxi Interface Design. Journal of Usability Studies, 17(4), 140-163

Advances in autonomous vehicle (AV) technologies mean that driverless taxis could become a part of everyday life in cities within the next decade. We present a user-design activity leading to the development of an experience-design framework for auto... Read More about Deriving UX Dimensions for Future Autonomous Taxi Interface Design.

Effects of Wording and Gendered Voices on Acceptability of Voice Assistants in Future Autonomous Vehicles (2022)
Conference Proceeding
Jestin, I., Fischer, J., Galvez Trigo, M. J., Large, D. R., & Burnett, G. (2022). Effects of Wording and Gendered Voices on Acceptability of Voice Assistants in Future Autonomous Vehicles. In CUI '22: Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Conversational User Interfaces (1-11). https://doi.org/10.1145/3543829.3543836

Voice assistants in future autonomous vehicles may play a major role in supporting the driver during periods of a transfer of control with the vehicle (handover and handback). However, little is known about the effects of different qualities of the v... Read More about Effects of Wording and Gendered Voices on Acceptability of Voice Assistants in Future Autonomous Vehicles.

Validating the Salience of Haptic Icons for Automotive Mid-Air Haptic Gesture Interfaces (2022)
Presentation / Conference
Brown, E., Large, D., Limerick, H., Frier, W., & Burnett, G. (2022, April). Validating the Salience of Haptic Icons for Automotive Mid-Air Haptic Gesture Interfaces. Paper presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2022, Birmingham, UK

Mid-air haptic technology has enabled a new research arena in spatial interaction to emerge. Various efforts have attempted to pair mid-air haptics with gestural input for In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems but have not explored the higher reaches of se... Read More about Validating the Salience of Haptic Icons for Automotive Mid-Air Haptic Gesture Interfaces.

Pro-Social Mobility: Using Mozilla Hubs as a Design Collaboration Tool (2022)
Presentation / Conference
Large, D., Hallewell, M., Briars, L., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2022, April). Pro-Social Mobility: Using Mozilla Hubs as a Design Collaboration Tool. Paper presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2022, Birmingham, UK

This paper showcases the novel application of Mozilla Hubs in the context of interface design for future, autonomous taxis. It demonstrates that repurposing pro-social virtual reality as a design collaboration tool enables an embodied and spatialised... Read More about Pro-Social Mobility: Using Mozilla Hubs as a Design Collaboration Tool.

Evaluating Virtual Reality 360 Video to Inform Interface Design for Driverless Taxis (2022)
Presentation / Conference
Large, D., Hallewell, M., Coffey, M., Evans, J., Briars, L., Harvey, C., & Burnett, G. (2022, April). Evaluating Virtual Reality 360 Video to Inform Interface Design for Driverless Taxis. Paper presented at Ergonomics & Human Factors 2022, Birmingham, UK

Autonomous, self-driving taxis are a commonly cited solution for future mobility but inevitably raise myriad human-centred design and usability challenges. However, conducting usability and user experience studies in imagined, future vehicles is trou... Read More about Evaluating Virtual Reality 360 Video to Inform Interface Design for Driverless Taxis.

Deriving Personas to Inform HMI Design for Future Autonomous Taxis: A Case Study on User- Requirement Elicitation (2021)
Journal Article
Hallewell, M. J., Hughes, N., Large, D. R., Harvey, C., Springthorpe, J., & Burnett, G. (in press). Deriving Personas to Inform HMI Design for Future Autonomous Taxis: A Case Study on User- Requirement Elicitation. Journal of Usability Studies,

Automated, Mobility-as-a-Service Vehicles (AV-MaaSs) – Autonomous Taxis - are expected to offer an inexpensive, mobility-on-demand service supporting greater sustainable transportation systems, including ‘last mile’ solutions. However, to date little... Read More about Deriving Personas to Inform HMI Design for Future Autonomous Taxis: A Case Study on User- Requirement Elicitation.

U can’t touch this! Face touching behaviour whilst driving: implications for health, hygiene and human factors (2021)
Journal Article
Ralph, F., Large, D. R., Burnett, G., Lang, A., & Morris, A. (2022). U can’t touch this! Face touching behaviour whilst driving: implications for health, hygiene and human factors. Ergonomics, 65(7), 943-959. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2021.2004241

Analysis of thirty-one hours of video-data documenting 36 experienced drivers highlighted the prevalence of face-touching, with 819 contacts identified (mean frequency: 26.4 face touches/hour (FT/h); mean duration: 3.9-seconds). Fewer face-touches oc... Read More about U can’t touch this! Face touching behaviour whilst driving: implications for health, hygiene and human factors.

What Just Happened? Exploring Drivers’ Behaviour in Response to Minimal Risk Condition – A Qualitative Driving Simulator Study (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Cortez, D., Large, D., & Burnett, G. (2021). What Just Happened? Exploring Drivers’ Behaviour in Response to Minimal Risk Condition – A Qualitative Driving Simulator Study.

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to improve road safety by reducing the number of collisions and safety critical events [1,2]. In the event of a failure of the automated driving system (ADS), or if it reaches the limit of its capability, action... Read More about What Just Happened? Exploring Drivers’ Behaviour in Response to Minimal Risk Condition – A Qualitative Driving Simulator Study.

Assessing the Validity of Low and Medium-Fidelity Driving Simulators for HMI Distraction Testing – A Subjective Approach (2021)
Conference Proceeding
Merriman, S., Large, D., Pampel, S., & Burnett, G. (2021). Assessing the Validity of Low and Medium-Fidelity Driving Simulators for HMI Distraction Testing – A Subjective Approach.

Simulators are commonly employed for conducting driving-related research due to their increased flexibility, safety and control compared to on-the-road studies [1]. However, concerns have been raised regarding the validity of the approach, that is, t... Read More about Assessing the Validity of Low and Medium-Fidelity Driving Simulators for HMI Distraction Testing – A Subjective Approach.

Isolating the Effect of Off-Road Glance Duration on Driving Performance: An Exemplar Study Comparing HDD and HUD in Different Driving Scenarios (2021)
Journal Article
Smith, M., Bagalkotkar, K., Gabbard, J. L., Large, D. R., & Burnett, G. (2021). Isolating the Effect of Off-Road Glance Duration on Driving Performance: An Exemplar Study Comparing HDD and HUD in Different Driving Scenarios. Human Factors, 65(5), 833-845. https://doi.org/10.1177/00187208211031416

Objective: We controlled participants’ glance behavior while using head-down displays (HDDs) and head-up displays (HUDs) to isolate driving behavioral changes due to use of different display types across different driving environments. Background: Re... Read More about Isolating the Effect of Off-Road Glance Duration on Driving Performance: An Exemplar Study Comparing HDD and HUD in Different Driving Scenarios.

Determining the impact of augmented reality graphic spatial location and motion on driver behaviors (2021)
Journal Article
Smith, M., Gabbard, J. L., Burnett, G., Hare, C., Singh, H., & Skrypchuk, L. (2021). Determining the impact of augmented reality graphic spatial location and motion on driver behaviors. Applied Ergonomics, 96, 103510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103510

While researchers have explored benefits of adding augmented reality graphics to vehicle displays, the impact of graphic characteristics have not been well researched. In this paper, we consider the impact of augmented reality graphic spatial locatio... Read More about Determining the impact of augmented reality graphic spatial location and motion on driver behaviors.

Exploring the benefits of conversing with a digital voice assistant during automated driving: A parametric duration model of takeover time (2021)
Journal Article
Mahajan, K., Large, D., Burnett, G., & Velaga, N. (2021). Exploring the benefits of conversing with a digital voice assistant during automated driving: A parametric duration model of takeover time. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 80, 104-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2021.03.012

Vehicle automation allows drivers to disengage from driving causing a potential decline in their alertness. One of the major challenges of highly automated vehicles is to ensure a timely (with respect to safety and situation awareness) takeover in su... Read More about Exploring the benefits of conversing with a digital voice assistant during automated driving: A parametric duration model of takeover time.