@inproceedings { , title = {Multi-Frequency Averaging (MFA) Model of Electric-Hybrid Powertrain Suitable for Variable Frequency Operation Applied in Geographically-Distributed Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (GD-PHiL) Simulation}, abstract = {© 2018 IEEE Project aims to develop capability for OEMs and suppliers to 'virtually-connect' multiple prototype powertrain components (engine, motor-drive etc.) and engage in real-time system simulation, thereby reducing cost by eliminating co-location dependency. Technical challenge faced is to duplicate test-hardware state \& performance at remote location(s) real-time via an indeterminate internet connection characteristic of latency and jitter. MFA-based remote model is a potential solution but applied research till date has been for fixed-frequency operation. This paper explores variable frequency operation of MFA and outlines the implementation of generic electric powertrain intended for remote control/operation, indicating key performance improvements over time-domain switching models.}, conference = {2018 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)}, doi = {10.1109/VPPC.2018.8604967}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6204-5}, pages = {1-6}, publicationstatus = {Published}, url = {https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1510504}, keyword = {geographically, distributed, simulation, automotive, electric, vehicle, powertrain,, modeling}, year = {2018}, author = {Sen, Surojit and Evans, Paul L. and Johnson, C. Mark} }